Ọwọ, Ẹsẹ, ati Arun Ẹnu (HFMD) Akopọ
Arun Ọwọ, Ẹsẹ, ati Ẹnu jẹ eyiti o wọpọ laarin awọn ọmọde kekere. O jẹ aranmọ gaan, ni ipin nla ti awọn akoran asymptomatic, awọn ipa ọna gbigbe eka, ati itankale iyara, ti o le fa awọn ibesile kaakiri laarin igba diẹ, ṣiṣe iṣakoso ajakale-arun nija. Lakoko awọn ajakale-arun, awọn akoran apapọ ni awọn ile-ẹkọ jẹle-osinmi ati awọn ile-iṣẹ itọju ọmọde, bakanna bi ikojọpọ idile ti awọn ọran, le waye. Ni 2008, HFMD wa nipasẹ Ile-iṣẹ ti Ilera ni iṣakoso ti Ẹka C ti awọn arun aarun.
Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) ati Enterovirus 71 (EV71) jẹ awọn ọlọjẹ ti o wọpọ ti o nfa HFMD. Awọn alaye ajakalẹ-arun tọka pe CA16 nigbagbogbo n kaakiri ni igbakanna pẹlu EV71, eyiti o yori si awọn ibesile HFMD loorekoore. Lakoko awọn ibesile wọnyi, ipin ti awọn akoran CA16 ti kọja ti EV71, nigbagbogbo ṣiṣe iṣiro fun ju 60% ti awọn akoran lapapọ. HFMD ti o ṣẹlẹ nipasẹ EV71 le ja si ibajẹ eto aifọkanbalẹ aarin. Iwọn ti awọn ọran ti o nira ati oṣuwọn iku ọran laarin awọn alaisan ti o ni EV71 ga ni pataki ju awọn ti o ni akoran pẹlu awọn enteroviruses miiran, pẹlu awọn oṣuwọn iku iku nla ti o de 10%-25%. Bibẹẹkọ, ikolu CA16 ni gbogbogbo ko fa ọpọlọpọ awọn arun ti o ni ibatan si eto aifọkanbalẹ aarin gẹgẹbi meningitis aseptic, encephalitis ọpọlọ ọpọlọ, ati paralysis ti o dabi poliomyelitis. Nitorinaa, iwadii iyatọ akọkọ jẹ pataki pataki fun fifipamọ awọn igbesi aye awọn ọran ti o lagbara.
Isẹgun Igbeyewo
Idanwo ile-iwosan lọwọlọwọ fun HFMD ni akọkọ jẹ wiwa wiwa nucleic acid ti pathogen ati wiwa antibody serological. Ile-iṣẹ Beier nlo imunosorbent assay ti o ni asopọ enzymu (ELISA) ati awọn ọna goolu colloidal lati ṣe agbekalẹ Awọn ohun elo Idanwo Antibody 71 Enterovirus ati Coxsackievirus A16 IgM Antibody Awọn ohun elo fun wiwa iyatọ ti awọn pathogens HFMD. Wiwa ọlọjẹ ara ẹni nfunni ni ifamọ giga, pato ti o dara, ati pe o rọrun, iyara, ati pe o dara fun idanwo ile-iwosan ni awọn ile-iṣẹ ilera ni gbogbo awọn ipele ati fun awọn iwadii iwo-kakiri ajakale-arun nla.
Awọn Atọka Aṣayẹwo Ni pato ati Pataki Ile-iwosan ti Ikolu EV71
Iwadii pato ti ikolu EV71 da lori wiwa ti EV71-RNA, EV71-IgM, ati EV71-IgG awọn aporo inu omi ara, tabi wiwa EV71-RNA ni awọn apẹrẹ swab.
Lẹhin ikolu EV71, awọn ọlọjẹ IgM han ni akọkọ, ti o ga julọ ni ọsẹ keji. Awọn ọlọjẹ IgG bẹrẹ lati han ni ọsẹ keji lẹhin akoran ati duro fun igba pipẹ diẹ. EV71-IgM jẹ itọkasi pataki ti akoran akọkọ tabi aipẹ, ṣiṣe wiwa ni kutukutu ati itọju ikolu EV71. EV71-IgG jẹ itọkasi bọtini fun ayẹwo iyatọ ti akoran, wulo fun iwadii ajakale-arun ati igbelewọn ipa ajesara. Ṣiṣawari iyipada ninu titer antibody laarin pọnti nla ati awọn ayẹwo omi ara le tun pinnu ipo ikolu EV71; fun apẹẹrẹ, ilọpo mẹrin tabi ilosoke jiometirika nla ni titer antibody ni omi ara convalescent ni akawe si omi ara nla le ṣe idajọ bi akoran EV71 lọwọlọwọ.
Awọn Atọka Aṣayẹwo pato ati Imudaniloju Ile-iwosan ti CA16 Ikolu
Ayẹwo pato ti ikolu CA16 da lori wiwa CA16-RNA, CA16-IgM, ati CA16-IgG awọn aporo inu omi ara, tabi wiwa CA16-RNA ni awọn apẹrẹ swab.
Lẹhin ikolu CA16, awọn ọlọjẹ IgM han ni akọkọ, ti o ga julọ ni ọsẹ keji. Awọn ọlọjẹ IgG bẹrẹ lati han ni ọsẹ keji lẹhin akoran ati duro fun igba pipẹ diẹ. CA16-IgM jẹ itọkasi pataki ti akọkọ tabi ikolu laipe.
Pataki ti Apapo EV71 ati CA16 Antibody Idanwo
HFMD jẹ idi nipasẹ ọpọlọpọ awọn enteroviruses, pẹlu awọn serotypes ti o wọpọ jẹ EV71 ati CA16. Iwadi tọkasi pe HFMD ti o fa nipasẹ ọlọjẹ CA16 ni igbagbogbo ṣafihan pẹlu awọn aami aiṣan ti o jọra, ni awọn ilolu diẹ, ati asọtẹlẹ to dara. Ni idakeji, HFMD ti o ṣẹlẹ nipasẹ EV71 nigbagbogbo n ṣafihan pẹlu awọn aami aisan ile-iwosan ti o nira diẹ sii, ni oṣuwọn ti o ga julọ ti awọn ọran ti o nira ati iku ọran, ati nigbagbogbo ni nkan ṣe pẹlu awọn ilolu eto aifọkanbalẹ aarin. Awọn aami aisan ile-iwosan ti HFMD jẹ eka ati nigbagbogbo ko ni aṣoju, ṣiṣe ayẹwo ile-iwosan paapaa nija, paapaa ni awọn ipele ibẹrẹ. Pataki ti idanwo ajẹsara iṣọn-ara ni idapo akoko ti n gba ati awọn ọna ipinya ọlọjẹ ibile, idamo pathogen serologically, ati pese ipilẹ kan fun iwadii ile-iwosan, awọn ilana itọju, ati asọtẹlẹ arun.
Ọja Performance Analysis
EV71-IgM ELISAKitPerformance Analysis
| Siwonba | No. tiAwọn ọran | EV71-IgM Rere | EV71-IgM Odi | Sensitivity | Saipe |
| Awọn ọran EV71 timo | 302 | 298 | 4 | 98.7% | —– |
| Ti kii-EV71 Awọn ọran Ikolu | 25 | 1 | 24 | —– | 96% |
| Gbogboogbo Olugbe | 700 | —– | 700 | —– | 100% |
Awọn abajade fihan:Ohun elo Idanwo Beier EV71-IgM ṣe afihan ifamọ giga ati iyasọtọ to dara fun idanwo omi ara lati ọdọ awọn eniyan ti o ni akoran EV71. Orisun data: National Institute for Viral Arun Control and Prevention, Chinese CDC.
Itupalẹ Iṣe Apo EV71-IgG ELISA (I)
| Siwonba | No. tiAwọn ọran | EV71-IgG Rere | EV71-IgG Odi | Sensitivity | Saipe |
| Awọn ọran EV71 timo | 310 | 307 | 3 | 99.0% | —– |
| Ti kii-EV71 Awọn ọran Ikolu | 38 | 0 | 38 | —– | 100% |
| Gbogboogbo Olugbe | 700 | 328 | 372 | —– | 100% |
Itupalẹ Iṣe Apo EV71-IgG ELISA (II)
| Siwonba | No. tiAwọn ọran | EV71-IgG Rere | EV71-IgG Odi | Sensitivity | Saipe |
| Olugbe Gbogbogbo, Idanwo Neutralization Rere | 332 | 328 | 4 | 98.8% | —– |
| Olugbe Gbogbogbo, Neutralization Idanwo Negetifu | 368 | —– | 368 | —– | 100% |
Awọn abajade fihan:Ohun elo Idanwo Beier EV71-IgG ṣe afihan oṣuwọn wiwa giga fun omi ara lati ọdọ awọn ẹni-kọọkan ti o ni ikolu EV71 loorekoore. Orisun data: National Institute for Viral Arun Control and Prevention, Chinese CDC.
CA16-IgM ELISA Apo Performance Analysis
| Siwonba | No. tiAwọn ọran | CA16-IgM Rere | CA16-IgM Odi | Sensitivity | Saipe |
| Awọn ọran CA16 timo | 350 | 336 | 14 | 96.0% | —– |
| Gbogboogbo Olugbe | 659 | 0 | 659 | —– | 100% |
Awọn abajade fihan:Ohun elo Idanwo Beier CA16-IgM ṣe afihan oṣuwọn wiwa giga ati ifọkanbalẹ to dara. Orisun data: National Institute for Viral Arun Control and Prevention, Chinese CDC.
Apo Idanwo EV71-IgM (Colloidal Gold) Ṣiṣe Analysis
| Siwonba | No. tiAwọn ọran | EV71-IgM Rere | EV71-IgM Odi | Sensitivity | Saipe |
| EV71-IgM Awọn ayẹwo rere | 90 | 88 | 2 | 97.8% | —– |
| Awọn ayẹwo PCR Rere / Awọn ọran ti kii ṣe HFMD | 217 | 7 | 210 | —– | 96.8% |
Awọn abajade fihan:Ohun elo Idanwo Beier EV71-IgM (Colloidal Gold) ṣe afihan ifamọ giga ati iyasọtọ to dara fun idanwo omi ara lati ọdọ awọn eniyan ti o ni akoran EV71. Orisun data: National Institute for Viral Arun Control and Prevention, Chinese CDC.
CA16-IgM Igbeyewo Apo (Colloidal Gold) Performance Analysis
| Siwonba | No. tiAwọn ọran | CA16-IgM Rere | CA16-IgM Odi | Sensitivity | Saipe |
| CA16-IgM Awọn Ayẹwo Rere | 248 | 243 | 5 | 98.0% | —– |
| Awọn ayẹwo PCR Rere / Awọn ọran ti kii ṣe HFMD | 325 | 11 | 314 | —– | 96.6% |
Awọn abajade fihan:Ohun elo Idanwo Beier CA16-IgM (Colloidal Gold) ṣe afihan ifamọ giga ati iyasọtọ to dara fun wiwa omi ara lati awọn eniyan ti o ni akoran CA16. Orisun data: National Institute for Viral Arun Control and Prevention, Chinese CDC.
Akoko ifiweranṣẹ: Oṣu Kẹwa-30-2025